MPRE210
Sociology of Education: Reimagining Primary Education through a Critical Pedagogy

ECTS Value: 3 ECTS

Contact Hours: 15

Self Study Hours: 36

Assessment Hours: 24

 

Overall Objectives and Outcomes

The claim is made, time and again, that education is falling short of delivering value for money.  It is made by industry on the one side and on the other, by educators frustrated at seeing economic imperatives wagging the educational tail. This module offers an overview of the principal sociological paradigms employed to interpret societal structures and dynamics. Within this context, the module examines the role of Critical Theory and Critical Pedagogy, considering their placement within broader sociological frameworks.

A key focus of the module is the distinction between Critical Thinking—often hailed as a core component of 21st-century skills—and Critical Pedagogy. The module engages critically with these concepts, highlighting their respective functions in education.

Through a collaborative exploration, the module investigates how the Learning Outcomes Framework in primary education can be aligned with Critical Pedagogy. It critically engages with classroom practice, curricular spaces and the intersections of school, national, and global policy systems and discourse. Ultimately, the module aims to empower educators, fostering both individual and collective agency as transformative agents of change.

By the end of this module, the learner will be able to:

Competences

  • a)Engage in critical self-reflection to interrogate and transform one’s own assumptions, biases, and prejudices;
  • b)Analyse and interpret tangible examples through which gender, race, social class and other grounds of discrimination, become forms of oppression that limit the freedom of particular groups in society;
  • c)Deconstruct and critique dominant, ‘common-sense’ educational practices that reinforce privilege and marginalisation, articulating their sociocultural implications;
  • d)Design and propose transformative strategies and policy recommendations to reframe and redress inequitable practices within educational systems;
  • e)Employ and evaluate ethnographic and critical inquiry methods to collect and analyse classroom data for evidence-based reflection and reform;
  • f)Collaborate and innovate within professional communities to embed critical pedagogy within the learning outcomes framework for the primary;
  • g)Facilitate and guide students to critique and interpret the world and their position within it in an age-appropriate way.

Knowledge

  • a)Critically analyse and contextualise the major paradigms within sociology of education;
  • b)Examine systematically and interpret the foundational principles of Critical Theory and Critical Pedagogy, appraising their theoretical depth and potential for transformative practice in the primary classroom;
  • c)Critically evaluate how intersecting forms of discrimination, including gender, race, class etc., work in the interests of some and not others;
  • d)Analyse and synthesis the concepts of habitus, social capital theory and the Panopticon effect, assessing how these social constructs illuminate the alignment or misalignment between education, power and society;
  • e)Differentiate and theorise the relationship between Critical thinking and Critical Pedagogy and their place in education;
  • f)Interpret elements of the Learning Outcomes Framework that support a critical pedagogical stance, evaluating how they can be used to foster equity, inclusion, and transformative learning.

Skills

  • a)Synthesise and apply different theories to everyday experiences to be able to critically interpret them within a broader systemic context;
  • b)Design and conduct ethnographic and action research projects to generate, analyse, and apply data that inform transformative educational practices;
  • c)Formulate and advocate classroom, curricular, and institutional strategies that challenge structural inequalities and advance inclusive change;
  • d)Contextualise the concept of habitus within their professional experiences to understand its influence on educational perceptions and practices;
  • e)Empower and mentor students to become agents of change in age-appropriate ways.

Assessment Methods

This module will be assessed through: Reflective Analysis, Presentation and Assignment

Suggested Readings

Core Reading List

  1. Biesta, G. (2023). World-centered education: A view for the present.
  2. Brookfield, S. D. (2017). Becoming a critically reflective teacher. John Wiley & Sons.
  3. Giroux, H. A. (2020). On critical pedagogy. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  4. Mclaren, P. (2020). The future of critical pedagogy. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 52(12), 1243–1248. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2019.1686963
  1. Steinberg, R. S., Down, B. (2020). The SAGE Handbook of Critical Pedagogies. Sage.
  1. Uddin, M. S. (2019). Critical pedagogy and its implication in the classroom. Journal of Underrepresented & Minority Progress, 3(2), 109–119. https://doi.org/10.32674/jump.v3i2.1788

Supplementary Reading List

  1. Chambers, D. W. (2019). Is Freire incoherent?  Reconciling directiveness and dialogue in Freirean Pedagogy. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 53(1).
  2. Freire, P. (2018). Pedagogy of the oppressed (50th anniversary ed.). Bloomsbury Academic.
  3. Giroux, H. (1988). Teachers as Intellectuals: Towards a Critical Pedagogy of Learning. Bergin & Garvey Publishers.
  4. Hess, J. (2017). Critiquing the critical: The casualties and paradoxes of critical pedagogy in music education. Philosophy of Music Education Review, 25(2), 171-183. https://doi.org/10.2979/philmusieducrevi.25.2.05
  5. Hughes, D. (2024). Shaping tomorrow: Student teachers’ insights into decolonizing the primary curriculum and the significance of ITE and the humanities. International Journal6(2), 1-18.
  6. Kariwo, M., & El Bouhali, C. (Eds.). (2025). Decolonizing Epistemologies and Worldviews in Education: New Ways of Knowing in Education and Policy. Taylor & Francis.
  7. Mayo, P., & Vittoria, P. (2021). Critical education in international perspective. Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350147782
  8. Simeone, D. (2022). Don Lorenzo Milani (1923-1967) and Education.  Convergence, 44(2), 169-174.
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